Home
Weather Dublin
WeatherRadar
RainfallRadar
TemperatureRadar
WindRadar
LightningRadar
Weather News
Editor's Pick
Discover the app
Weather widget
Contact us
Apps
    Home / Editor's Pick /

    The four different types of frost

15:00
22 January 2023

Hoar, air, grass & ground
The four different types of frost

frosty-shutterstock

As the winter season gets well and truly underway, temperatures are regularly falling below freezing overnight, leaving frosty mornings behind.

Hearing a risk of frost in a forecast is quite common in the colder months, but did you know there are different types of frost? These are hoar, air, grass and ground.

Ground and grass frosts are most common between autumn and spring, while air and hoar frosts are most common during the winter season.

An air frost occurs when the temperature of the air falls to or below 0C although it is usually defined as a temperature below 0C at a height of one metre above the ground. When you hear on the television that there will be a frost, they are most likely referring to an air frost.

A grass frost refers to frost on grass or vegetation. This is because vegetation is more sensitive to temperature changes so the frost can appear while roads or windows might remain frost-free.

A ground frost refers to ice on the ground, objects or trees that have a temperature below the freezing point of water. Sometimes you can get a ground frost without an air frost. This happens when the ground cools faster than the air.

Finally, there is hoar frost. This is a fine and needle-like frost that occurs when water vapour in damp air freezes directly and quickly on surfaces. This is what gives it its white appearance.

In general, frost forms when a surface cools below a dew point. This is where an air parcel gets cold enough to turn into water vapour. If temperatures are cool enough, the water vapour freezes on objects to create the frost.

Learn more about how frost forms by watching our Weather Explained video below:

Watch our explainer video to find out how a physical frost forms.
Weather & Radar editorial team
More on the topic
Record-breaking heatwave in Europe. New records. . . Thursday 25 June 2026
A map showing extremely high temperatures across Western Europe and a warning symbol. On the right, people cool off at a fountain in front of the Eiffel Tower during the heatwave in Paris.
Thursday 25 June 2026

New records

Record-breaking heatwave in Europe
A hot and thundery week. Your weather - Your shots. . . Sunday 28 June 2026
Split image showing a bright branching lightning bolt illuminating pink storm clouds on the left and a vivid rainbow arching above a rocky coastline and calm sea beneath dark clouds on the right.
Sunday 28 June 2026

Your weather - Your shots

A hot and thundery week
Noctilucent clouds spotted over the UK. Shimmering summer view. . . Monday 29 June 2026
Wispy electric-blue noctilucent clouds glowing above a dark twilight horizon, with rooftops, utility poles, streetlights, and overhead wires silhouetted beneath the night sky.
Monday 29 June 2026

Shimmering summer view

Noctilucent clouds spotted over the UK
All weather news
This might also interest you
Long-term trends need a pinch of salt. 40 °C in July?. . . Tuesday 30 June 2026
Temperature radar of 2022 heatwave where the all-time temperature record in the UK was set. Warning symbol overlain.
Tuesday 30 June 2026

40 °C in July?

Long-term trends need a pinch of salt
A frozen start to the weekend. Icy conditions. . . Friday 13 February 2026
UK temperature map dated 14.02 showing widespread subzero values in blue shading, with readings such as −4 in Glasgow, −3 in Dublin, and −2 in London, alongside a blue thermometer icon.
Friday 13 February 2026

Icy conditions

A frozen start to the weekend
Turbulent weather in the Canary Islands. Storm and rain. . . Friday 12 December 2025
Weather graphic showing rain and wind fields over the Canary Islands and a central warning symbol.
Friday 12 December 2025

Storm and rain

Turbulent weather in the Canary Islands
All articles
Weather & Radar

Weather & Radar is also available on

Google Play StoreApp Store

Company

Contact us Privacy Policy Legal info Accessibility statement

Services

Uploader

Socials

facebooktwitteryouTubelinkList