Home
Weather Dublin
WeatherRadar
RainfallRadar
TemperatureRadar
WindRadar
LightningRadar
Weather News
Editor's Pick
Discover the app
Weather widget
Contact us
Apps
    Home / Editor's Pick /

    The four different types of frost

15:00
22 January 2023

Hoar, air, grass & ground
The four different types of frost

frosty-shutterstock

As the winter season gets well and truly underway, temperatures are regularly falling below freezing overnight, leaving frosty mornings behind.

Hearing a risk of frost in a forecast is quite common in the colder months, but did you know there are different types of frost? These are hoar, air, grass and ground.

Ground and grass frosts are most common between autumn and spring, while air and hoar frosts are most common during the winter season.

An air frost occurs when the temperature of the air falls to or below 0C although it is usually defined as a temperature below 0C at a height of one metre above the ground. When you hear on the television that there will be a frost, they are most likely referring to an air frost.

A grass frost refers to frost on grass or vegetation. This is because vegetation is more sensitive to temperature changes so the frost can appear while roads or windows might remain frost-free.

A ground frost refers to ice on the ground, objects or trees that have a temperature below the freezing point of water. Sometimes you can get a ground frost without an air frost. This happens when the ground cools faster than the air.

Finally, there is hoar frost. This is a fine and needle-like frost that occurs when water vapour in damp air freezes directly and quickly on surfaces. This is what gives it its white appearance.

In general, frost forms when a surface cools below a dew point. This is where an air parcel gets cold enough to turn into water vapour. If temperatures are cool enough, the water vapour freezes on objects to create the frost.

Learn more about how frost forms by watching our Weather Explained video below:

Watch our explainer video to find out how a physical frost forms.
Weather & Radar editorial team

More on the topic

Blocking high brings anticyclonic gloom. Overcast days. . . Tuesday 3 November 2026
Split weather maps showing widespread cloud across the UK and Ireland alongside a high-pressure system centred over Britain, with isobars near 1035 hPa.
Tuesday 3 November 2026

Overcast days

Blocking high brings anticyclonic gloom
Frosty nights on the horizon in Europe. Cold autumn air. . Weather Videos. Tuesday 3 November 2026
Temperature forecast for Friday in Central Europe. The blue areas indicate freezing temperatures, particularly from eastern Germany through the Czech Republic to Austria.
Weather VideosTuesday 3 November 2026

Cold autumn air

Frosty nights on the horizon in Europe
From late summer to storm warnings. Contrasts in Europe. . Weather Videos. Thursday 29 October 2026
Split image: On the left, the temperature radar for Spain and Portugal shows readings of up to 28 degrees. On the right, waves crash onto a flooded beach dotted with parasols and sun loungers amid stormy weather.
Weather VideosThursday 29 October 2026

Contrasts in Europe

From late summer to storm warnings
All weather news

This might also interest you

Flooding, gales, and heavy snow. Storm Chandra. . . Tuesday 27 January 2026
Split image showing aerial flooding in a town with muddy water covering roads on the left, and a rural road on the right blocked by heavy snowfall with vans stopped and a person walking in snow.
Tuesday 27 January 2026

Storm Chandra

Flooding, gales, and heavy snow
Historic Storm Éowyn arrives. On this day.... . . Saturday 24 January 2026
Split image showing a person in a yellow jacket struggling against strong winds and heavy rain on a street at night on the left, and an Irish wind forecast map on the right with red and purple shading, gusts up to 75 mph, and a wind warning icon, divided by a curved white line.
Saturday 24 January 2026

On this day...

Historic Storm Éowyn arrives
Bright and warm conditions take hold. Spring-like outlook. . . Thursday 23 April 2026
Split UK map showing warm temperatures up to 21 degrees in orange on the left and clear sunny conditions with temperatures from 12 to 18 degrees on the right, with sun icons across the country.
Thursday 23 April 2026

Spring-like outlook

Bright and warm conditions take hold
All articles
Weather & Radar

Weather & Radar is also available on

Google Play StoreApp Store

Company

Contact us Privacy Policy Legal info Accessibility statement

Services

Uploader

Socials

facebooktwitteryouTubelinkList